Portrait photography.
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(C) 2005 Hein Pragt
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Portrait photography is a special kind of photography. To make good portrait photographs it's important to
have a certain amount of photographic technique and the other important thing is an interest in your subject.
It is also good to understand what effect the camera has on people and work or play with that. Take care that
the model is wearing clothes that fit and look good on him or her and find a background that fits the clothing
and the colors of the model, avoid black or white unless it's a choice.
If you use a longer lens and put yourself at a greater distance from the model, de shapes of the model
will soften especially the nose area. Also the model will be more relaxed is you make photographs from a
distance. Always focus on the eyes and adjust the lighting so you only have 1 shadow. Static pictures are
not so interesting most of the times, so try to talk tot the model and try to get some spontaneous reactions,
then capture the essence of that expression.
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Making a portrait photograph is not only making an image of the model, it is important to capture something
about the character of the model. The easiest way to accomplish this is by taking photographs when the model
does not suspect it so they don't have the chance to act for the camera but instead act naturally. These
photographs are spontaneous and alive because the model does not take a pose. When the model is posing
unnaturally, try to talk about anything, some common interest or a hobby and then wait until the model
takes a natural pose.
Use a big lens opening (aperture f/4) so the background will be unsharp and the model will be the
most important part of the portrait.
To make the model feel comfortable you can use the following simple techniques:
- Talk to the model and try to make him or her to talk to you about something. Within several minutes the model will forget the camera and interesting expressions will appear. Now its time to make an interesting picture.
- Don't ask the model to smile or say 'cheese'. A natural smile comes from within and the only way you can accomplish this is by giving the model a reason to smile. Tell a short joke or something funny that happened to you. Remember that serious and even sad expressions can be very beautiful, try to talk about something to get that expression.
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Lighting
For portraits you can use very simple lighting. If the model is a male you can use a light with an angle of 45 degrees to
highlight the shapes and textures of the face of the model. If the model is female it is better to use softer and more
indirect light to avoid shades. Two lights on both sides of the model are good. Don't only look at the model, but also
the background. Use some extra lights to avoid unwanted shadows.
When you make outside photographs its best to use the soft light of a bright cloudy sky. This light is perfect
for a portrait. because the light is soft there is little contrast and no unwanted shadows. If you have to make a
portrait photograph on a bright sunny day, try to find a shady place to make the photograph.
Also the light of a window can be very nice to light a model. Place the model near the window and use the
natural light of the window. If the light is too bright you can use a cloth to soften the light. By using a
big piece of white paper you can reflect some of the light on the other side of the model. A big window will
give a soft light and a little window will be more like a light beam.
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